Integrated in vivo functional screens and multi-omics analyses identify α-2,3-sialylation as essential for melanoma maintenance.

Glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer biology, and altered glycosylation influences multiple facets of melanoma growth and progression. To identify glycosyltransferases, glycans, and glycoproteins essential for melanoma maintenance, we conducted an in vivo growth screen with a pooled shRNA library of glycosyltransferases, lectin microarray profiling of benign nevi and melanoma patient samples, and mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomics. We found that α-2,3 sialyltransferases ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 and corresponding α-2,3-linked sialosides are upregulated in melanoma compared to nevi and are essential for melanoma growth in vivo and in vitro. Glycoproteomics revealed that glycoprotein targets of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 are enriched in transmembrane proteins involved in growth signaling, including the amino acid transporter Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 (SLC3A2/CD98hc). CD98hc suppression mimicked the effect of ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 silencing, inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation. We found that both CD98hc protein stability and its pro-survival effect in melanoma are dependent upon α-2,3 sialylation mediated by ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2. In summary, our studies reveal that α-2,3-sialosides functionally contribute to melanoma maintenance, supporting ST3GAL1 and ST3GAL2 as novel therapeutic targets in these tumors.

Aptitud física en jóvenes futbolistas y no-futbolistas por edadcronológica y estado de madurez chilenos / Physical fitness in young Chilean soccer and non-football players by chronological age and maturity stage

Introducción: Durante el periodo de la adolescencia se producen cambios en el cuerpo, siendo importante identificar las diferencias individuales de madurez entre los adolescentes. En el caso de los futbolistas, esto puede generar diferencias en su rendimiento deportivo. Objetivo: Comparar el desempeño físico de jóvenes futbolistas vs escolares (no futbolistas) según edad cronológica y estado de madurez. Metodología: Se efectuó un estudio de tipo descriptivo-comparativo en 139 jóvenes (62 futbolistas con 16,38±1,30 años y 77 escolares con 16,35±1,45años). La selección de la muestra fue de tipo no probabilística por conveniencia. El rango de edad fue entre 14 a 18 años de edad. Se evaluó el peso, la estatura, velocidad 20 metros, salto horizontal (SH), y la prueba de aptitud aeróbica de Leger. Se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC), los años de pico de velocidad de crecimiento (APVC), y el VO2max absoluto y relativo. Resultados: Los jóvenes futbolistas presentaron mayor VO2max absoluto y relativo en comparación con sus similares escolares, tanto por edad cronológica y estado de madurez. Hubo correlación positiva significativa (p<0.05) entre la edad y los APVC con el VO2max absoluto y salto horizontal, y negativa con la velocidad de 20 metros. No hubo correlación entre la edad y APVC con el VO2máx relativo (edad y VO2máx, r= 0.10, p=0.023 y APVC y VO2máx, r= 0.07, p= 0.036). Conclusión: Los jóvenes futbolistas presentaron un mejor VO2max absoluto y relativo, SH y velocidad 20m en relación a los no-futbolistas, tanto por edad cronológica y estado de madurez, aunque, el desempeño físico se observa mejor por estado de madurez, especialmente en el VO2max y en el SH. Estos resultados sugieren que los profesionales del futbol deben considerar el control del estado de madurez como una alternativa para categorizar a los futbolistas cuando se evalúa y trabaja el desempeño físico.(AU)

Introduction: During the adolescent period, changes ingrowth and body composition occur, and it is important toidentify individual differences in maturity among adolescents. In the case of soccer players, they may show better physicalfitness than their non-football players.Objective: To compare the physical fitness of young soccer players vs non-football players, according to chronologicalage and maturity status.Methodology: A descriptive-comparative study was carriedout in 139 young people (62 soccer players aged 16.38±1.30years and 77 schoolchildren aged 16.35±1.45 years). Thesample selection was non-probabilistic by convenience. Theage range ranged from 14 to 18 years old. Weight, height,speed 20 meters, horizontal jump (SH), and Leger’s aerobicfitness test were evaluated. Body mass index (BMI), peak years of growth velocity (APVC), and absolute and relativeVO2max were calculated.Results: Young soccer players presented higher absoluteand relative VO2max compared to their similar non-footballplayers, both by chronological age and maturity status. Therewas significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between age andAPVC with absolute VO2max and horizontal jump, and negative with 20-meter speed. There was no correlation betweenage and APVC with relative VO2max (age and VO2max, r=0.10, p=0.023 and APVC and VO2max, r= 0.07, p= 0.036).Conclusion: Young soccer players presented better absolute and relative VO2max, SH and 20m speed in relation tonon-football players, both by chronological age and maturitystatus, although, physical performance is better observed bymaturity status, especially in VO2max and SH. These resultssuggest that professionals working in grassroots soccershould consider the control of maturity status as an alternative to categorize soccer players when evaluating and workingon physical performance.(AU)

El viaje del uranio español en los años sesenta: significados y materialidades de un objeto híbrido / The journey of Spanish uranium in the sixties meanings and materialities of a hybrid object

En 1966, 137 toneladas de mineral de uranio español llegaron al puerto de Nueva Orleans procedentes del puerto de Cádiz. En este artículo quiero utilizar este viaje que conectó agentes políticos, industriales y empresariales con capacidades y experiencias técnicas, para explorar el uranio como un objeto híbrido —físico, técnico y diplomático—. El uranio conectó los intereses de las autoridades franquistas con los de los científicos y empresarios de la industria eléctrica. Sirvió al régimen de Franco para formar investigadores en nuevos métodos y prácticas experimentales y también para popularizar las políticas e ideologías atómicas de Estados Unidos. Al tiempo que alimentó los reactores nucleares, el uranio generó nuevos espacios disciplinares, modificó paisajes y diseñó nuevas cartografías industriales y administrativas. Además de ser una pieza clave en la política exterior del régimen franquista —le sirvió al régimen español para alinearse con el pensamiento occidental imperante sobre los usos civiles de la energía nuclear—, internamente sirvió para abandonar los discursos autárquicos y reforzar el poder de los tecnócratas, que utilizaron la energía atómica para transformar la producción eléctrica española. Este viaje cambió la materialidad del mineral de uranio, su física y su química, y también sus significados. (AU)

In 1966, 137 tons of Spanish uranium ore arrived at the port of New Orleans from the port of Cádiz. In this paper, I want to use this trip, which involved political, industrial, and business agents as well as technical capabilities, to explore the uranium as a hybrid object - physical, technical and diplomatic. This material connected the interests of the Franco authorities, scientists, and businessmen from the electrical industry. It served the Franco regime in training researchers, in buying and importing technologies, methods and experimental practices, and in introducing ways to popularize atomic policies and ideologies from the United States. Uranium was a fuel that not only powered nuclear reactor but also fed new disciplinary spaces, modified landscapes, and sketched new industrial and administrative cartographies. Besides being a key piece of the Franco regime’s foreign policy —it was useful to the Spanish regime to align itself with prevailing Western thought on the civil uses of nuclear energy— it served internally to effectively abandon autarchic discourses and strengthen the power of the technocrats, who used atomic energy to transform Spanish electrical production. The materiality of uranium ore changed with travel and also its meanings. (AU)

Frailty Status Improvement after 5-Month Multicomponent Program PROMUFRA in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

A study was made of the effect of the PROMUFRA multicomponent frailty program upon physical frailty, kinanthropometry, pain and muscle function parameters in frail and pre-frail community-dwelling older people. Eighty-one participants were randomly allocated to the intervention group (IG) or control group (CG). The IG performed PROMUFRA for 20 weeks, using six strength exercises with three series of 8-12 repetitions until muscular failure, and seven myofascial exercises, with one set of 10 repetitions. The CG continued their routine. The frailty criteria number (FCN), kinanthropometric parameters and muscle function were measured at baseline and after the program. Between-group differences were found in the interaction for FCN, muscle mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass index, knee flexion range of motion (ROM), hip flexion with knee straight ROM, maximum isometric knee extension, maximum isotonic knee extension, maximum leg press and hand grip strength., and also on post-intervention frailty status. The IG showed a statistical trend towards decreased pain. In conclusion, the PROMUFRA program is a potential training approach that can bring benefits in physical frailty status, body composition, ROM and muscle function among frail or pre-frail community-dwelling older people.

Atomic Technologies and Nuclear Safety Practices in Spain During the 1960s.

The acquisition of a nuclear power reactor from the North American company Westinghouse in 1964 not only brought atomic practices and knowledge to Spain but also introduced new methods of industrial organization and management, as well as regulations created by organizations such as the US Atomic Energy Commission (US AEC) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This article analyzes the history of the knowledge, regulations and experimental practices relating to radiation safety and protection that traveled with this reactor to an industrial space: the Zorita nuclear power plant. Within this space, the appropriation, use, and coproduction of knowledge and practices were conditioned by political, economic, industrial and social factors, and by the engineers, researchers and other professionals who contributed expert knowledge. Material held in the Tecnatom Historical Archive-the engineering company that coordinated construction of the plant-is the main source for this work, which delves into the history of knowledge and atomic technologies and adds to the historiography of radiological protection in Spain.

Effectiveness of the PROMUFRA program in pre-frail, community-dwelling older people: A randomized controlled trial.

This study evaluated the effect of PROMUFRA program on physical frailty, kinanthropometric, muscle function and functional performance variables in pre-frail, community-dwelling older people. Participants (n = 50, 75 ± 7 years) were randomly assigned to two groups: intervention group (IG), and control group (CG). The IG performed multi-component exercise program, focused on high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) combined with self-massage for myofascial release (SMMR) for 12 weeks (2 d.wk-1). Two measurements were performed, at baseline and post-3 months. Participants (n = 43) were analyzed and significant differences were found in group-time interaction for muscle mass (p = 0.017), fat mass (p = 0.003), skeletal muscle mass index (p = 0.011), maximum isometric knee extension (p = 0.042), maximum dynamic knee extension (p = 0.001), maximum leg press (p < 0.001), Barthel Index (p = 0.039) and EuroQol 5-dimensions-3-levels (p = 0.012). We conclude that PROMUFRA program is an effective training method to achieve healthy improvements for the pre-frail community.

Improved Nutritional Knowledge in the Obese Adult Population Modifies Eating Habits and Serum and Anthropometric Markers.

Multicomponent lifestyle interventions achieve good results in the management of obesity among the adult population. However, their implementation in certain populations poses difficulties. A good level of nutritional knowledge enables people to make changes in their diet that improve their health. This study aims to assess the relationship between nutritional knowledge and nutritional parameters such as dietary intake, anthropometric parameters and biomarkers. A before-after, non-randomized interventional study involving a two-monthly nutritional educational intervention was carried out over 8 months. Anthropometric and biomarker data were collected, and nutritional knowledge was evaluated using the Bach questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The study comprised 66 overweight and obese adults with mean age of 50.23 years. Females predominated (84.8%). At the end of the intervention, nutritional knowledge increased significantly, with a significant reduction in the consumption of sweets, soft drinks, high-fat products, and processed meats, and an increase in the intake of lean meat and poultry. A 3% decrease in body weight was observed. An intervention for the management of obesity in the adult population based on nutritional education achieves weight loss, modifications in eating habits and reduction of fat intake. Increased nutritional knowledge is associated with healthier eating habits and a decreased cardiovascular risk.

Identifying Predictors of the Visceral Fat Index in the Obese and Overweight Population to Manage Obesity: A Randomized Intervention Study.

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, obesity is one of the main causes of death and disability. In recent years, it has been shown that the excess and distribution of body fat increases morbidity, with excess visceral fat being the most important factor that triggers pathologies. Thus, estimation of visceral fat makes it possible to identify patients with a higher cardiovascular risk, aiding the management of obesity. The main objective of the study was to identify predictors of the visceral fat index through a lifestyle intervention and to observe the effect of the intervention on dietary habits and functional capacity. METHODS: A randomized intervention, parallel-group study was made. This study included 97 obese and overweight people (control group, n = 48; experimental group, n = 49) with a low socioeconomic status in an 8-month lifestyle intervention. Anthropometric, fitness and nutritional tests were assessed. RESULTS: It was found that being female, eating the recommended daily portions of fruit, gaining strength in the legs and gaining flexibility are factors predictive of a lower visceral fat index. Age over 45 years and eating the recommended weekly portions of cereals and meats, fat and processed meats increases the visceral fat index after a lifestyle intervention. There were changes in the visceral fat index and in the different physical condition variables, but not in eating habits. CONCLUSION: A multicomponent lifestyle intervention reduces the visceral fat index; age over 45 and consuming cereals and meat increases the visceral fat index.

Protective Effects of Foam Rolling against Inflammation and Notexin Induced Muscle Damage in Rats.

It is known that high-intensity exercise can cause inflammation and damage in muscle tissue, and in recent years, physical therapists and fitness professionals have begun to use foam rolling as a recovery method to improve performance. Despite the lack of basic science studies to support or refute the efficacy of foam rolling, the technique is very widely used in the sports world. In this respect, we investigated whether foam rolling could attenuate muscle damage and inflammation. Female Wistar rats were assigned to control (C), foam rolling (FR), notexin without foam rolling (N) and notexin with foam rolling (NFR) groups. A 4.5 x 2 cm foam roller was used to massage their hind legs (two 60-second repetitions twice a day for 3 days). Motor function tests (Balance Beam Test and Grip strength) were used. We detected an increase in time and foot faults when crossing a beam in the N group compared to C and FR rats. In contrast, a significant decrease was detected in both tests in NFR compared to N rats. Muscle power was measured with a grip strength test and better performance was detected in NFR rats compared to N rats. Furthermore, an increase of pro-inflammatory proteins was noted in the N group, while there was a decrease in the NFR group. On the contrary, an increase in PPAR-γ (anti-inflammatory protein) in the NFR group compared to the N group demonstrates the anti-inflammatory properties of the foam rolling technique. In summary, applying foam rolling after damage has benefits such as an increase in anti-inflammatory proteins and a reduction of pro-inflammatory proteins, resulting in muscle recovery and better performance.

Effectiveness of a self-myofascial conditioning programme on pain, depression, anxiety and sleep quality in people with Fibromyalgia / Efectividad de un programa de autoacondicionamiento miofascial sobre el dolor, la depresión, la ansiedad y la calidad del sueño en personas con fibromialgias / Efetividade de um programa de auto-condicionamento miofascial na dor, depressão, ansiedade e qualidade do sono em pessoas com fibromialgia

Self-myofascial release can facilitate the diminution or disappearance of the intense pain perceived by the nerve endings located in the myofascial tissue. According to some researchers, fibromyalgia (FM) can be directly related to the "central sensitization" theory. The present study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of a self-myofascial conditioning programme on pain, depression, anxiety, and quality of sleep in people diagnosed with Fibromyalgia (FM). The sample was randomly assigned to intervention (n = 33) and control groups (n = 33). Subjects in the intervention group took part in a self-myofascial conditioning programme, which consisted of 40 sessions of 50 minutes each. Pre and post-intervention measurements were taken. Results were obtained by a 2x2 ANOVA for repeated measures with two factors (time and group). Results show that, after completing the programme, subjects in the intervention group had seen a significant decrease in general pain (p < 0,01), level of depression (p < 0,05), state (p < 0,01) and trait anxiety (p < 0,01), as well as three subscales related to the quality of sleep, such as "sleep subjective quality" (p < 0,05), "habitual sleep efficiency" (p < 0,05) and "daily dysfunction" (p < 0,001). These results indicate that participating in a self-myofascial conditioning programme regularly and under the control of a physical education and sport professional can affect patients with FM positively both physically and psychologically

La autoliberación miofascial puede facilitar la disminución o desaparición del dolor intenso percibido por las terminaciones nerviosas localizadas en el tejido miofascial. Según algunos investigadores, la fibromialgia (FM) puede estar directamente relacionado con la teoría de la "sensibilización central". El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la efectividad de la aplicación de un programa de autoacondicionamiento miofascial sobre el dolor, la depresión, la ansiedad y la calidad del sueño en personas diagnosticadas con fibromialgia (FM). La muestra se asignó al azar a los grupos de intervención (n =33) y control (n =33). Los sujetos del grupo intervención participaron en un programa de autoacondicionamiento miofascial compuesto por un total de 40 sesiones de 50 minutos cada una de ellas. Se tomaron medidas pre y post intervención. Los resultados se obtuvieron mediante un ANOVA 2x2 de medidas repetidas con dos factores (tiempo y grupo). Los resultados muestran que, después de completar el programa, los sujetos del grupo intervención obtuvieron una disminución significativa en el dolor general (p <0,01), el nivel de depresión (p <0,05), la ansiedad-estado (p <0,01) y rasgo (p <0,01), así como en tres subescalas relacionadas con la calidad del sueño, como son la "calidad subjetiva del sueño" (p <0,05), la "eficiencia habitual del sueño" (p <0,05) y la "disfunción diaria "(p <0,001). Estos resultados indican que participar en un programa de autoacondicionamiento miofascial regularmente, bajo el control de un profesional de educación física y deporte, puede afectar positivamente a los pacientes con FM tanto física como psicológicamente

A auto-liberação miofascial pode facilitar a diminuição ou o desaparecimento da dor intensa percebida pelas terminações nervosas localizadas no tecido miofascial. Segundo alguns pesquisadores, a fibromialgia (FM) pode estar diretamente relacionada à teoria da "sensibilização central". O presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar a eficácia da aplicação de um programa de auto-condicionamento miofascial na dor, depressão, ansiedade e qualidade do sono em pessoas diagnosticadas com fibromialgia (FM). A amostra foi randomizada para os grupos intervenção (n =33) e controle (n =33). Os sujeitos do grupo de intervenção participaram de um programa de auto- condicionamento miofascial composto por um total de 40 sessões de 50 minutos cada. Medidas de intervenção pré e pós foram tomadas. Os resultados foram obtidos por meio de uma ANOVA 2x2 de medidas repetidas com dois fatores (tempo e grupo). Os resultados mostram que, após o término do programa, os sujeitos do grupo de intervenção obtiveram uma diminuição significativa na dor geral (p <0,01), o nível de depressão (p <0,05), estado de ansiedade (p < 0,01) e traço (p <0,01), assim como em três subescalas relacionadas à qualidade do sono, como a "qualidade subjetiva do sono" (p <0,05), a "eficiência habitual do sono" (p <0,05) e "disfunção diária" (p <0,001). Esses resultados indicam que participar de um programa de auto-condicionamento miofascial regularmente, sob o controle de um profissional de educação física e esportes, pode afetar positivamente os pacientes com FM fisicamente e psicologicamente

Effect of vibration vs non-vibration foam rolling techniques on flexibility, dynamic balance and perceived joint stability after fatigue.

BACKGROUND: Foam roller and vibration techniques are currently used to assist in recovery after fatigue. The main purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the use of a foam roller with and without vibration on dynamic balance, ankle dorsiflexion, hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility and perceived knee and ankle stability after an induced fatigue protocol. METHODS: A total of 24 healthy recreationally active participants (17 males and seven females) were recruited to a randomized cross over trial consisting of; no treatment (NT), foam roller treatment (FR) and vibration foam roller treatment (VFR). The assessments included; the Sit & Reach test, Y balance test and post-treatment perceived knee and ankle stability. Measurements were taken after a standardized warm up (baseline) and repeated following an exercise-induced muscle fatigue protocol consisting of repeated lunges until volitional fatigue. The three treatment conditions were assessed on three separate days in a randomized order. A 3 × 3 repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate differences between the three treatments over the three time points and a one factor repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine any differences between treatments using the Global Rate of Change scale when considering perceived stability. RESULTS: FR and VFR conditions both showed a greater ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) (p < 0.001), greater posteromedial and posterolateral reach distances (p < 0.001) and a better knee and ankle perceived stability (p < 0.001) when compared to the NT condition. A trend toward significance was observed in the hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility (p = 0.074) in both treatment conditions when compared to the NT condition. However, no differences were seen between the FR and VFR conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Both FR conditions seem to assist in exercise-induced muscle fatigue recovery with improvements in ROM, balance and perceived stability.

Knowledge that traveled between Italy and Spain during the Franco regime: the construction of radioactivity counters.

In this paper I propose a reflection on instruments and political power. The objective is to analyze how the knowledge, experiences, and practices that circulated and traveled via radioactivity counters between Italy and Spain constructed and influenced both nuclear energy and political power during the Franco regime. I show people, materials, instruments, and knowledge that traveled, which permits us to think about the Spanish scientists and their role in the circulation of scientific materials and knowledge and as vectors of diplomatic and political relations.

Knowledge that traveled between Italy and Spain during the Franco regime: the construction of radioactivity counters / Conhecimento itinerante entre a Itália e a Espanha durante o regime de Franco: a construção dos medidores de radioatividade

Abstract In this paper I propose a reflection on instruments and political power. The objective is to analyze how the knowledge, experiences, and practices that circulated and traveled via radioactivity counters between Italy and Spain constructed and influenced both nuclear energy and political power during the Franco regime. I show people, materials, instruments, and knowledge that traveled, which permits us to think about the Spanish scientists and their role in the circulation of scientific materials and knowledge and as vectors of diplomatic and political relations.

Resumo Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre os instrumentos e o poder político. O objetivo é analisar como o conhecimento, as experiências, e práticas que circularam e viajaram entre a Itália e a Espanha, por meio dos contadores de radioatividade, construíram e influenciaram tanto a energia nuclear e o poder político durante o regime de Franco. O trabalho revela pessoas, materiais, instrumentos e conhecimentos itinerantes que nos permite pensar nos cientistas espanhóis e no seu papel na circulação de material e conhecimento científicos, ao mesmo tempo que atuaram como vetores das relações diplomáticas e políticas da época.

Effectiveness of a school-based program focusing on diet and health habits taught through physical exercise.

The global rate of obesity in childhood is becoming an epidemic and many authors have established a significant association between childhood obesity and overweight in adulthood. It is therefore necessary to seek effective strategies to reduce these levels of obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the Healthy Habits Program (HHP). The participants comprised 158 children from the fifth and sixth grades (intervention group, n = 82; control group, n = 76). The HHP is a school-based physical activity program focusing on promoting a healthy lifestyle. It lasted for 8 months, and measurements were taken at the beginning and end of the program. Physiological variables (total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, blood pressure, and maximal oxygen consumption), anthropometric variables (body mass index (BMI)) and behavioral variables (breakfast, quality of diet, meal frequency, physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, and perceived health) were evaluated. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant improvements (p < 0.05) after the intervention for the intervention group in triglycerides, blood glucose and maximal oxygen consumption. Significant improvements were also observed in breakfast habits and quality of diet. Finally, a significant improvement in prevalence of normal levels was observed for total cholesterol, blood pressure, and BMI. It can therefore be stated that the HHP is an innovative and useful school-based program that can help to improve diet and health in childhood.

Prensa y tecnología en la España de Franco: del secreto a la política atómica pública / Press and Technology in Franco's Spain: from secret to public atomic energy policy

Los discursos que circularon en España en los medios de comunicación impresos (ABC, La Vanguardia y el YA) y audiovisuales (NO-DO) con motivo de la primera Conferencia internacional de usos pacíficos de la energía atómica celebrada en Ginebra en agosto de1955, tuvieron un papel activo en el diseño de las políticas -no sólo nucleares- españolas y en la construcción de la representación pública de la energía nuclear. Las oportunidades y promesas que anunciaban los usos civiles de la energía atómica cautivaron a autoridades, científicos e industriales de la dictadura y también a los medios de comunicación. El tratamiento mediático de la conferencia contribuyó a la apertura del régimen franquista al tiempo que fue construyendo la imagen pública de lo nuclear. España compró e importó tecnología, métodos, prácticas experimentales, y también formas de popularización, políticas e ideología atómicas. En este artículo propongo una reflexión sobre prensa, tecnología y poder político (AU)

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Adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea de los adolescentes de Cantabria / Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet of adolescents in Cantabria

Fundamentos: A pesar de los múltiples beneficios atribuidos a la Dieta Mediterránea (DM), diversos estudios han señalado una disminución en su seguimiento. Describir el grado de adherencia a la DM que presentan los adolescentes escolarizados en la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria. Métodos: Estudio transversal que analiza una muestra de 1829 adolescentes, de entre 10 y 17 años, escolarizados en 37 centros de enseñanza públicos y concertados, mediante el test KidMed. Resultados: El 6% de los adolescentes mantiene una dieta de muy baja adhesión, el 42% una adhesión media y el 52 % goza de una alta adhesión a la dieta mediterránea. El porcentaje de mujeres que presenta una alta adhesión a la dieta mediterránea es más elevado que el de los varones (54% vs50%). No se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el grado de adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea entre sexos. La alta adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea disminuye notablemente a medida que la edad aumenta, principalmente en el paso de 10 y 11 años (57,7%)al tramo de 12 a 15 años (46,7%).Conclusiones: La mitad de los adolescentes mantienen una alta adherencia a la DM, que disminuye con el aumento de la edad, siendo especialmente significativa en el paso de los adolescentes de 10 y 11 años a los jóvenes de 12 a 15 años

Background: Despite the multiple benefits attributed to the Mediterranean Diet (DM), several studies have indicated a decrease in its follow-up. To describe the Adherence to DM, among primary and secondary education adolescents from Cantabria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, analysing a sample of 1,829 adolescents: 924 (50,5%) were women and 905 (49,5%) were men, aged 10 to 17, attending 37 different primary and secondary education centres, by means of KidMed questionnaire. Results:6% of adolescents maintain a very low adherence to Mediterranean Diet, 42% shows an average adherence, and 52% keep a high adherence. The percentage of women with a high adherence to Mediterranean Diet is higher than men (54 % vs 50 %). There arenot noticeably significant statistical differences of the Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet regarding gender. The high adherence to Mediterranean Diet decreases with age, especially from 10 -11 years to 12-15 years. Conclusions: Half of adolescents keep a high adherence to a Mediterranean Diet. Nevertheless, a major age related decline this high adherence, especially when the adolescents pass from 10-11 years old to 12-15 years old

Benefits of a self-myofascial release program on health-related quality of life in people with fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a disease with symptoms that significantly limit the life of affected patients. Earlier studies have shown that the application of self-myofascial release provides benefits in variables such as fatigue, range of motion (ROM) or perceived muscle pain in a healthy population. Despite this, the self-myofascial release technique has not yet been used in people with FM. This study aimed to find out the benefits of applying a self-myofascial release program on health-related quality of life in people with FM. METHODS: Sixty-six participants with FM were randomized into two groups, intervention (N.=33) and control (N.=33). The intervention group (IG) participated in the self-myofascial release program for twenty weeks. The study assessed the impact of a self-myofascial release program on cervical spine, shoulder and hip ROM and self-reported disease impact. Two measurements were performed, one at baseline (preintervention) and one postintervention. Two-way mixed-effect (between-within) ANOVA was used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: Significant changes (P<0.05) were achieved between the two measurements and between groups for final Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ-S) Score and for five of its seven subscales, including: days per week feeling good, pain intensity, fatigue, stiffness and depression/sadness, as well as all the ROM variables evaluated (neck flexion, neck extension, lateral neck flexion and rotation (bilateral), shoulder flexion and abduction and hip abduction) excluding hip flexion. CONCLUSIONS: The application of a self-myofascial release program can improve the health-related quality of life of people with FM, provided that regular, structured practice is carried out.

[EFFECTS OF VOLUNTARY INTAKE OF FLUIDS (WATER AND SPORTS DRINK) IN AMATEUR MOUNTAIN RUNNERS]. / EFECTOS DE LA INGESTA VOLUNTARIA DE LÍQUIDOS (AGUA Y BEBIDA DEPORTIVA) EN CORREDORES POR MONTAÑA AMATEURS.

INTRODUCTION: 21 K and 1 000 m ascent trail-running races can be dangerous if an appropriate liquid replacement isn't maintained. OBJECTIVES: know trail-runners level of dehydration and assess the differences between ad libitum water (CcA) and sport drink (CcB) hydration after a trail running race. METHODS: 18 subjects, mean age 31.9 (±2.8) and %MG 10.53 (±2.8), completed CcA or CcB. CcA and CcB effects on Weight (P), Fat Mass (MG), Glucose (GL), Lactate (LT), Systolic (TAS) and Diastolic Arterial Tension (TAD), Heart Rate (PPM) and Tympanic Temperature (Tª) were assessed. All measurements were taken at the start (T1) and the finish (T2) of each race. A Friedman ANOVA test was used to calculate the effect of CcA and CcB on each variable. Differences between race time (TC), % bodyweight loss (%PP) and liquid ingestion (LI) were assessed with a Wilcoxon test. All statistical analysis were conducted with SPSS version 20.0 (IBM, Somers, NY, USA). RESULTS: mean %PP was 2.967 (± 0.969) and 2.883 (± 0.730) for CcA and CcB respectively. No significant differences were found between %PP and LI (p > .05) between races. Significant changes were found in P, %MG, GL, L, TAS and PPM between T1 and T2 in CcA condition. While only significant changes in P and PPM were stabilised between T1 and T2 in CcB condition. CONCLUSIONS: neither water or sport drink ingestion avoid trail-runners to reach a dehydrated state. However, dehydration effects seems to be more serious when only water is ingested.

Introducción: las carreras por montaña de 21 km y 1.000 metros de desnivel pueden suponer un riesgo si no se mantiene una adecuada reposición hídrica. Objetivo: conocer los niveles de deshidratación y evaluar las diferencias entre una carrera con ingesta voluntaria de agua (CcA) y bebida deportiva (CcB). Método: 18 sujetos de 31,9 (±2,8) años y %MG 10,53 (±2,8), completaron una CcA o una CcB. Se evaluó el efecto de CcA y CcB sobre cada variable; Peso (P), Masa Grasa (MG), Glucosa (GL), Lactato (LT), Tensión Arterial Sistólica (TAS) y Diastólica (TAD), Pulsaciones por Minuto (PPM) y Temperatura Timpánica (Tª). Estas fueron tomadas al inicio (T1) y al final (T2) de cada prueba. Los efectos se calcularon con la ANOVA Friedman. Las diferencias en las variables tiempo de carrera (TC), % de pérdida de peso (%PP) y líquido ingerido (LI) se evaluaron con la prueba de Wilcoxon. Todos los cálculos se realizaron con el SPSS versión 20.0 (IBM, Somers, NY, USA). Resultado: el % PP fue de 2,967 (± 0,969) y 2,883 (± 0,730), para CcA y CcB. En TC, %PP y LI no hay diferencias (p > .05) entre carreras. Para CcA en función del tiempo, son significativos (p < .05) los cambios en: P, %MG, GL, L, TAS y PPM. Para CcB en función del tiempo, solo son significativos en P y PPM. Conclusiones: ningún líquido consigue evitar que los deportistas se deshidraten. No obstante, los efectos de la deshidratación son mucho más severos ingiriendo solo agua.

Efectos de la ingesta voluntaria de líquidos (agua y bebida deportiva) en corredores por montaña amateurs / Effects of voluntary intake of fluids (water and sports drink) in amateur mountain runners

Introducción: las carreras por montaña de 21 km y 1.000 metros de desnivel pueden suponer un riesgo si no se mantiene una adecuada reposición hídrica. Objetivo: conocer los niveles de deshidratación y evaluar las diferencias entre una carrera con ingesta voluntaria de agua (CcA) y bebida deportiva (CcB). Método: 18 sujetos de 31,9 (±2,8) años y %MG 10,53 (±2,8), completaron una CcA o una CcB. Se evaluó el efecto de CcA y CcB sobre cada variable; Peso (P), Masa Grasa (MG), Glucosa (GL), Lactato (LT), Tensión Arterial Sistólica (TAS) y Diastólica (TAD), Pulsaciones por Minuto (PPM) y Temperatura Timpánica (Tª). Estas fueron tomadas al inicio (T1) y al final (T2) de cada prueba. Los efectos se calcularon con la ANOVA Friedman. Las diferencias en las variables tiempo de carrera (TC), % de pérdida de peso (%PP) y líquido ingerido (LI) se evaluaron con la prueba de Wilcoxon. Todos los cálculos se realizaron con el SPSS versión 20.0 (IBM, Somers, NY, USA). Resultado: el % PP fue de 2,967 (± 0,969) y 2,883 (± 0,730), para CcA y CcB. En TC, %PP y LI no hay diferencias (p > .05) entre carreras. Para CcA en función del tiempo, son significativos (p < .05) los cambios en: P, %MG, GL, L, TAS y PPM. Para CcB en función del tiempo, solo son significativos en P y PPM. Conclusiones: ningún líquido consigue evitar que los deportistas se deshidraten. No obstante, los efectos de la deshidratación son mucho más severos ingiriendo solo agua (AU)

Introduction: 21 K and 1 000 m ascent trail-running races can be dangerous if an appropriate liquid replacement isn’t maintained. Objectives: know trail-runners level of dehydration and assess the differences between ad libitum water (CcA) and sport drink (CcB) hydration after a trail running race. Methods: 18 subjects, mean age 31.9 (±2.8) and %MG 10.53 (±2.8), completed CcA or CcB. CcA and CcB effects on Weight (P), Fat Mass (MG), Glucose (GL), Lactate (LT), Systolic (TAS) and Diastolic Arterial Tension (TAD), Heart Rate (PPM) and Tympanic Temperature (Tª) were assessed. All measurements were taken at the start (T1) and the finish (T2) of each race. A Friedman ANOVA test was used to calculate the effect of CcA and CcB on each variable. Differences between race time (TC), % bodyweight loss (%PP) and liquid ingestion (LI) were assessed with a Wilcoxon test. All statistical analysis were conducted with SPSS version 20.0 (IBM, Somers, NY, USA). Results: mean %PP was 2.967 (± 0.969) and 2.883 (± 0.730) for CcA and CcB respectively. No significant differences were found between %PP and LI (p > .05) between races. Significant changes were found in P, %MG, GL, L, TAS and PPM between T1 and T2 in CcA condition. While only significant changes in P and PPM were stabilised between T1 and T2 in CcB condition. Conclusions: neither water or sport drink ingestion avoid trail-runners to reach a dehydrated state. However, dehydration effects seems to be more serious when only water is ingested (AU)